选举人团投票确认拜登当选美国总统
当地时间12月14日，美国选举人团共538位选举人按照各州选举结果投下选举人票，确认民主党人乔·拜登（Joe Biden）赢得美国大选，成为下届美国总统。
Electoral college confirms Joe Biden's presidential victory - BBC News
无注释原文：
With Electoral College Vote, More Republicans Recognize Biden As President-Elect
NPR
With the Electoral College votes now complete, a new wave of Senate Republicans are acknowledging what's been clear for weeks: Joe Biden is the president-elect.
In the days after the Nov. 3 election, only a handful of GOP senators — mostly moderates — recognized the win for Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris. Since then, many of the chamber's Republicans have deferred to President Trump's legal challenges instead.
That began to change on Monday. In some cases, such as that of Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley, they are admitting it somewhat reluctantly.
"It doesn't matter what Chuck Grassley thinks, the Constitution has answered that question for you," Grassley said moments after California's electoral votes affirmed Biden's win. "That's all I can say on it."
"It certainly looks that way, and I think it's time to turn the page and begin a new administration," Sen. Shelley Moore Capito of West Virginia told a reporter.
Others in that camp included Senate Majority Whip John Thune of South Dakota and Sens. Roy Blunt of Missouri, John Cornyn of Texas, Thom Tillis of North Carolina and Kevin Cramer of North Dakota.
"At some point you have to face the music. And I think once the Electoral College settles the issue today, it's time for everybody to move on," Thune told reporters.
Tillis said Biden is the president-elect, pending remaining legal issues.
"He's presumptive president," Tillis said. "But I don't want to discount valid, legal disputes that'll be settled over the next couple weeks."
When asked, Cramer stopped short of using the phrase "president-elect" to describe Biden, but conceded that appeared to be the case.
"I guess if that's what you officially call somebody after the Electoral College, I'm fine with that," Cramer said.
Sen. Rob Portman of Ohio was among those who issued clear statements affirming the win.
"Although I supported President Trump, the Electoral College vote today makes clear that Joe Biden is now President-Elect," he said.
Retiring Tennessee Sen. Lamar Alexander took that acknowledgment a step further, urging Trump end his claims.
"The presidential election is over. States have certified the votes. Courts have resolved disputes. The electors have voted. I hope that President Trump will put the country first, take pride in his considerable accomplishments, and help president-elect Biden get off to a good start," Alexander said. "Especially during this pandemic, an orderly transition of power is crucially important."
Still, many of their colleagues remain holdouts. And some declined to comment, including Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, who didn't respond to repeated questions from reporters on Monday.
"I'd call him Joe until he gets sworn in," said South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham when asked, before noting some legal challenges remain.
Sens. Jim Inhofe of Oklahoma and John Barrasso of Wyoming were among those that still weren't ready on Monday to acknowledge the president-elect.
"Not yet," Inhofe said.
The unsuccessful Trump and Republican-led efforts to overturn the elections — which cite baseless claims of widespread voter fraud — are part of one reason retiring Michigan Rep. Paul Mitchell told CNN on Monday he was leaving his party to become an independent.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
Full remarks by President-elect Joe Biden on his Electoral College victory
含注释全文：
With Electoral College Vote, More Republicans Recognize Biden As President-Elect
NPR
With the Electoral College votes now complete, a new wave of Senate Republicans are acknowledging what's been clear for weeks: Joe Biden is the president-elect.
随着选举人团（Electoral College）投票的完成，新一波参议院共和党人开始承认几周来就已非常明确的事情——乔·拜登（Joe Biden）是当选总统。
acknowledge
表示“承认；认可…属实或存在”，英文解释为“to accept, admit, or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something”举个🌰：
She acknowledged that she had been at fault.
她承认自己有过错。
In the days after the Nov. 3 election, only a handful of GOP senators — mostly moderates — recognized the win for Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris. Since then, many of the chamber's Republicans have deferred to President Trump's legal challenges instead.
在11月3日选举后的几天里，只有少数共和党参议员--大部分是温和派--承认拜登和副总统当选人卡玛拉·哈里斯（Kamala Harris）获胜。从那时起，取而代之的是，议院的许多共和党人都遵从特朗普总统所要发起的法律挑战。
GOP
GOP, 老大党，指美国共和党，the Grand Old Party的缩写。共和党（Republican Party）与民主党（Democratic Party）并列为美国当代的两大主要政党。
senator
表示“参议员”，英文解释为“a politician who has been elected to a Senate”举个🌰：
Only two senators voted against the bill.
只有两名参议员反对这一法案。
moderate
此处作名词，表示“（尤指政见）温和派，稳健派”，英文解释为“a person whose opinions, especially their political ones, are not extreme and are therefore acceptable to a large number of people”举个🌰：
He is well-known as a moderate in the party.
他是这一党派中出名的温和派。
chamber
表示“（用于特定用途或官方用途的）房间，室，厅；议院”，英文解释为“a room used for a special or official purpose, or a group of people who form (part of) a parliament”举个🌰：
There are two chambers in the British parliament - the House of Commons is the lower chamber, and the House of Lords is the upper chamber.
英国议会有两院——平民院又称下议院，贵族院又称上议院。
defer to
表示“听从，顺从，遵从”，英文解释为“to allow someone or something to make decisions for you or tell you what to do because of your respect for them or because of their higher rank, authority, knowledge, etc.”举个🌰：
I have to defer to my boss on important decisions.
在重大决策上，我必须听从老板的意见。
That began to change on Monday. In some cases, such as that of Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley, they are admitting it somewhat reluctantly.
这种情况在周一开始发生变化。在某些情况下，比如爱荷华州（Iowa）参议员查克·格拉斯利（Chuck Grassley），他们有些不情愿地承认这一点。
"It doesn't matter what Chuck Grassley thinks, the Constitution has answered that question for you," Grassley said moments after California's electoral votes affirmed Biden's win. "That's all I can say on it."
“不管查克·格拉斯利怎么想，宪法已经为你回答了这个问题，”格拉斯利在加州（California）选举人票确认拜登获胜后不久说。“这是我能说的全部。”
affirm
表示“证实；确认；断言”，英文解释为“to state something as true”举个🌰：
The suspect affirmed (that) he had been at home all evening.
犯罪嫌疑人声称他整个晚上都呆在家中。
"It certainly looks that way, and I think it's time to turn the page and begin a new administration," Sen. Shelley Moore Capito of West Virginia told a reporter.
“看起来当然是这样，我认为是时候翻开新的一页，开始新的政府了，”西弗吉尼亚州（West Virginia）的参议员谢利·摩尔·卡皮托（Shelley Moore Capito）对记者说。
"At some point you have to face the music. And I think once the Electoral College settles the issue today, it's time for everybody to move on," Senate Majority Whip John Thune of South Dakota told reporters.
“在某些时候，你必须承担后果。而我认为一旦选举团今天解决了这个问题，大家就该继续前进了。”南达科他州（South Dakota）的参议院多数党党鞭约翰·图恩（John Thune）告诉记者。
face the music
表示“接受批评（或惩罚）；承担后果”，英文解释为“to accept criticism or punishment for something you have done；to accept responsibility for something you have done”举个🌰：
You should face the music when you did something wrong.
做了错事就要勇于承担后果。
whip
表示“（政党在议会或立法机关中监督该党其他党员在投票时出席并按规定投票的）组织秘书，党鞭”，英文解释为“(in many elected political systems) a member of a political party in a parliament or in the legislature whose job is to make certain that other party members are present at voting time and also to make certain that they vote in a particular way”。
Thom Tillis of North Carolina said Biden is the president-elect, pending remaining legal issues.
北卡罗来纳州（North Carolina）的托姆·蒂利斯（Thom Tillis）说，拜登是当选总统，等待其余法律问题的解决。
pending
作介词指等到…之后；直到…为止；作形容词“即将发生的；待定的，待决的”，英文解释为“about to happen or waiting to happen”举个🌰：
There were whispers that a deal was pending.
有传言说即将达成一笔交易。
The case is pending.
案件正在审理中。
"He's presumptive president," Tillis said. "But I don't want to discount valid, legal disputes that'll be settled over the next couple weeks."
“他是推定的总统，”蒂利斯说。“但我不想忽视有效的、法律上的纠纷，这些纠纷将在未来几周内得到解决。”
presumptive
表示“可据以推定的；推测为真的”，英文解释为“believed to be something, or likely to be true, based on the information that you have”如：presumptive signs of pregnancy 怀孕的预征。
discount
表示“忽视，忽略，不理会”，英文解释为“to decide that something or someone is not worth considering or giving attention”举个🌰：
You shouldn't discount the possibility of him coming back.
你不应该排除他回来的可能性。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述数据的欺骗性的文章中提到：The raw numbers are not incorrect, but the picture they paint is incomplete, because they discount performers who are still alive. 始数字没有错，但他们的研究范围并不完整，因为他们忽略了仍然健在的歌手。
When asked, Kevin Cramer of North Dakota stopped short of using the phrase "president-elect" to describe Biden, but conceded that appeared to be the case.
当被问及时，北达科他州（North Dakota）的凯文·克拉默（Kevin Cramer）不再使用“当选总统”一词来描述拜登，但承认事实似乎就是这样。
stop short of
表示“决定不做某事；差一点（做或说）；险些（做或说）”，英文解释为“If you stop short of doing or saying something, you decide not to do or say it although you almost do.”举个🌰：
I stopped short of telling him the brutal truth.
我差一点把残酷的真相告诉他。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述特朗普在金融领域的招数的文章中提到：Mr Trump’s predecessor, Barack Obama, stopped short of deploying them against Russia after its invasion of Crimea in 2014. 特朗普的前任奥巴马在2014年俄罗斯入侵克里米亚之后险些对俄罗斯动用这些招数。
concede
表示“认输；承认（失败）”，英文解释为“to admit that you have lost in a competition”举个🌰：
He kept on arguing and wouldn't concede defeat.
他一直争论个不停，不愿认输。
补充：
📍败选演讲 concession speech
"I guess if that's what you officially call somebody after the Electoral College, I'm fine with that," Cramer said.
“我想，如果这就是你们在选举团之后对某人的正式称呼，那我没意见，”克拉默说。
Sen. Rob Portman of Ohio was among those who issued clear statements affirming the win.
俄亥俄州（Ohio）的参议员罗伯·波特曼（Rob Portman）也是发表明确声明确认拜登胜选的人之一。
"Although I supported President Trump, the Electoral College vote today makes clear that Joe Biden is now President-Elect," he said.
“虽然我支持特朗普总统，但今天的选举人团投票清楚地表明，乔·拜登现在是当选总统，”他说。
Retiring Tennessee Sen. Lamar Alexander took that acknowledgment a step further, urging Trump end his claims.
即将退休的田纳西州（Tennessee）参议员拉马尔·亚历山大（Lamar Alexander）将这一承认更进一步，敦促特朗普结束他的主张。
"The presidential election is over. States have certified the votes. Courts have resolved disputes. The electors have voted. I hope that President Trump will put the country first, take pride in his considerable accomplishments, and help president-elect Biden get off to a good start," Alexander said. "Especially during this pandemic, an orderly transition of power is crucially important."
“总统选举已经结束。各州已经对选票进行了认证。法院已经解决了争议。选举人已经投票。我希望特朗普总统能以国家为重，为自己取得的巨大成就感到自豪，并帮助当选总统拜登有一个良好的开端。”亚历山大说。“特别是在这次疫情期间，权力的有序交接至关重要。”
resolve
表示“解决；解除；消除”，英文解释为“to solve or end a problem or difficulty”举个🌰：
Have you resolved the problem of transport yet?
你们解决交通问题了吗？
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇介绍波士顿动力公司四脚机器人Spot的文章中提到：Instead of just looking for problems, Spot’s next trick will be to take action to resolve them, such as throwing a switch or turning a valve. 除了要找出问题，点点的下一个本领将是采取行动解决问题，例如扳动开关或转动阀门。
considerable
表示“相当大的；相当多的；非常可观的；相当重要的”，英文解释为“large or of noticeable importance”举个🌰：
The fire caused considerable damage to it.
那场火灾对此造成了重大损失。
区分：
📍considerate表示“体贴的；周到的；关心的”（kind and helpful）举个🌰：
It wasn't very considerate of you to drink all the milk.
牛奶全给你喝光了，真不关心别人。
get off to a good start
表示“有好的开端；开门红；顺利开始”，英文解释为“to begin an activity successfully”举个🌰：
I didn't get off to a very good start this morning - I'd been at work five minutes and my computer stopped working!
我今天上午刚一开始工作就不顺——才做了5分钟，电脑就死机了！
Still, many of their colleagues remain holdouts. And some declined to comment, including Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, who didn't respond to repeated questions from reporters on Monday.
不过，许多同僚仍然持观望态度。而一些人拒绝发表评论，包括肯塔基州（Kentucky）的参议院多数党领袖米奇·麦康奈尔（Mitch McConnell），他周一没有回应记者的反复提问。
holdout
表示“拒不同意者；拒不行动者；拒不让步者”，英文解释为“A holdout is someone who refuses to agree or act with other people in a particular situation and by doing so stops the situation from progressing or being resolved.”
"I'd call him Joe until he gets sworn in," said South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham when asked, before noting some legal challenges remain.
南卡罗来纳州（South Carolina）参议员林赛·格雷厄姆(Lindsey Graham)在被问及此事时说：“在他宣誓就职之前，我会叫他乔。”随后他指出法律质疑依然存在。
be sworn in
sb. be sworn in/ swear sb. in表示“（使）宣誓就职”，英文解释为“When someone is sworn in, they formally promise to fulfil the duties of a new job or appointment.”举个🌰：
She was formally sworn in as Ireland's first woman president.
她正式宣誓就职爱尔兰的首任女总统。
Sens. Jim Inhofe of Oklahoma and John Barrasso of Wyoming were among those that still weren't ready on Monday to acknowledge the president-elect.
俄克拉荷马州（Oklahoma）参议员吉姆·英霍夫（Jim Inhofe）和怀俄明州（Wyoming）的约翰·布拉索（John Barrasso）是周一仍未准备好承认当选总统的人之一。
"Not yet," Inhofe said.
“还没有，”英霍夫说。
The unsuccessful Trump and Republican-led efforts to overturn the elections — which cite baseless claims of widespread voter fraud — are part of one reason retiring Michigan Rep. Paul Mitchell told CNN on Monday he was leaving his party to become an independent.
特朗普和共和党领导的推翻选举的努力并不成功--其中毫无根据地指控大规模选民舞弊现象--是即将退休的密歇根州（Michigan）众议员保罗·米切尔（Paul Mitchell）周一告诉美国有线电视新闻网（CNN），他将离开他的党，成为一名无党派人士的部分原因。
overturn
表示“（使）翻倒，（使）倾覆；打翻”，英文解释为“if you overturn something, or if it overturns, it turns upside down or falls over on its side”举个🌰：
His conviction was overturned by the Court of Appeal.
他的有罪裁决被上诉法院推翻了。
📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）第三季中的台词提到：Even then, would we have enough to overturn the verdict? 即使拿到证词，就真能推翻判决吗？
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